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Endometriosis and adenomyosis are two gynecological conditions that share some similarities but have distinct characteristics, symptoms, and treatment approaches. Both involve the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the endometrium (also known as the lining of the uterus), leading to pain and other complications.
“Many women live with severe pelvic pain and/or heavy menstrual periods thinking it’s something they have to tolerate,” says Dr. Eric Liberman, Director of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery at Holy Name. “However, conditions like endometriosis and adenomyosis are real, diagnosable, and treatable. It’s important to discuss any concerns with your doctor since accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.”
At Holy Name, we utilize advanced imaging techniques and minimally invasive procedures to diagnose and manage these conditions. Learn more about them below.
What Is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterine cavity. The exact cause is unknown and complex. It affects approximately 10% of reproductive aged women and is frequently identified in women experiencing fertility challenges. Women who have a first-degree relative with endometriosis, such as a mother or sister, have a nearly seven- to ten-fold increased risk of developing the condition.
Common symptoms include:
- pain before and/or during menstruation
- chronic pelvic pain
- pain during or after intercourse
- painful bowel movements or urination
- heavy menstrual bleeding
How is Endometriosis Treated?
Pain relievers and hormone therapies, such as oral contraceptives, can help manage symptoms. Minimally invasive procedures utilizing laparoscopy and/or robotic assisted procedures to remove the endometrial-like tissue are common. At Holy Name, our physicians have access to the most cutting-edge Intuitive Da Vinci 5 robotic system to deliver the best outcomes. Your doctor can help you determine what treatment is right for you. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.
What Is Adenomyosis?
Adenomyosis involves the growth of the uterine lining into the muscular wall of the uterus. This can cause the uterus to enlarge and may also lead to painful, heavy periods. The cause of adenomyosis is unknown, but one risk factor is prior uterine surgeries such as C-sections and dilation and curettages (D&Cs). These procedures may disrupt the barrier between the lining of the uterus and the muscular layer of the uterus, increasing the risk for adenomyosis.
Common symptoms include:
- severe menstrual cramps
- heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
- pelvic pressure or bloating
- pain during intercourse
- enlarged uterus
How is Adenomyosis Treated?
Anti-inflammatory drugs and hormone therapies can alleviate symptoms. Non-invasive procedures such as uterine artery embolization may reduce symptoms by decreasing the blood supply to the affected area. If symptom management fails, your doctor may recommend a hysterectomy.
Understanding the differences between endometriosis and adenomyosis is essential for timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. If you're experiencing symptoms associated with either condition, consult with a healthcare provider to explore your options.
